Bio:
Email: zhg2002hbhs@163.com
张华国(1983—),男,管理学硕士,副研究员,主要从事植物营养与土壤肥料研究;zhg2002hbhs@163.com
为了准确了解和确定西藏雅鲁藏布江沿江周边农田区域的土壤养分丰缺度, 主要采取野外土壤样品采集与室内化学分析相结合的方法, 对4个主要青稞生产区8个县的农田土壤pH和养分含量进行了测定。数据统计与分析结果表明:4个区8个县的土壤pH相对较为稳定, 基本处于6.7~7.4之间, 比较适宜青稞、油菜等常规大田农作物的生长; 日喀则白朗县与江孜县的土壤有机质含量相对较高(平均值10.68 g/kg), 其次为林芝米林县与林芝县, 而山南贡嘎县与桑日县、拉萨林周县与墨竹工卡县的土壤有机质含量处于相对缺乏状态; 除了全氮含量之外, 有效磷与速效钾普遍处于缺乏水平, 以拉萨周边县区最为严重。根据研究结果, 西藏农业种植区域青稞高产栽培应以增施农家有机肥和生物有机肥、磷肥、钾肥为主, 并减少氮肥施用量, 以防止土壤出现板结现象。
In order to accurately understand and determine the soil nutrient abundance in the farmland area around the Yarlung Zangbo River in Tibet, a combination of field soil sample collection and indoor chemical analysis is used to determine the pH and nutrient content of farmland soil in 8 counties in 4 major highland barley production areas. Data statistics and analysis results show that the soil pH of 8 counties in 4 districts is relatively stable, basically between 6.7 and 7.4, which is more suitable for the growth of conventional field crops such as highland barley and rape; the soil organic matter content in Bailang and Jiangzi counties in Shigatse is relatively high (average 10.68 g/kg), followed by Nyingchi Mainling County and Nyingchi County, the soil organic matter content in Gongga County and Sangri County in Shannan, in Lhünzhub and Maizhokunggar counties in Lhasa is relatively lacking; except for the total nitrogen content, available phosphorus and available potassium are generally at deficient levels. The shortages in counties and districts around Lhasa are the most serious. According to the results of the study, high-yielding cultivation of highland barley in agricultural areas in Tibet should be based on increasing the use of farmyard organic manure and biological organic fertilizers, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, and reducing the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied to prevent soil compaction.