Bio:
Email: 958680620@qq.com
周华敏(1991—),女,硕士研究生,主要从事土壤资源高效利用研究;958680620@qq.com
采用冬小麦进行盆栽试验,以树脂包膜尿素、硫加树脂包膜尿素、普通尿素一次性施肥以及普通尿素基肥加追肥作对比,研究脲醛氮占总氮质量分数分别为30%、40%、50%和60%的脲醛掺混肥对土壤养分、小麦生长、小麦产量的影响,以探明合理施用脲醛缓释肥的最优氮素配比。试验结果表明:与普通尿素一次性施肥以及普通尿素基肥加追肥相比,脲醛氮占总氮质量分数为30%、40%和50%的处理有利于提高土壤有机质含量,能在灌浆期为小麦生长提供较高的磷素供应,提高小麦植株叶片叶绿素含量;脲醛氮占总氮质量分数40%和50%的处理较普通尿素处理增产4.28%~6.88%、增收551.7~796.2元/hm2,较树脂包膜尿素和硫加树脂包膜尿素处理增产2.49%~5.88%、增收116.6~922.6元/hm2;从产量和经济效益考虑,脲醛氮占总氮质量分数40%~50%的效果较好。
In order to find out the optimal nitrogen ratio of rational application of urea-formaldehyde slow-release fertilizer, the pot experimenti was carried out with winter wheat, and with polymer coated urea, polymer/sulfur coated urea, common urea one-time fertilization and common urea based fertilizer plus top dressing as controls. The effects of urea-formaldehyde blended fertilizers with 30%, 40%, 50% and 60% of total nitrogen mass fractions, respectively, on the soil nutrient, wheat growth and wheat yield are studied. Experimental results show that compared with common urea one-time fertilization and common urea based fertilizer plus top dressing, the controls of urea-formaldehyde nitrogen with 30%, 40% and 50% of total nitrogen mass fraction are beneficial to increase soil organic matter content and can provide a higher phosphorus supply for wheat growth in wheat filling stage, and increase wheat chlorophyll content; urea-formaldehyde nitrogen with 40% and 50% of total nitrogen mass fraction increases yield by 4.28%~6.88%, and increases income by 551.7~796.2 yuan/hm2 compared with common urea control, and compared with polymer coated urea and polymer/sulfur coated urea control, the yield increase is 2.49%~5.8 8%, and income increase is 116.6~922.6 yua n/hm2; from the perspective of yield and economic benefits, urea-formaldehyde nitrogen with total nitrogen mass fraction of 40% to 50% has a better effect.