Bio:
Email: 328268897@qq.com
宋敏(1976—),男,博士,教授,硕士生导师,研究方向为生态环境保护;328268897@qq.com
气候变化已成为全球发展的重要议题,农业作为关系国计民生的重要产业,与气候变化息息相关。在气候变化面前,农业表现出较明显的脆弱性和依赖性,通过制定农业领域应对气候变化的适应性举措以提高农业适应能力,是促进农业可持续发展的重要途经。从农业生产环境和气候资源、农作物种植制度和结构布局、农业气候灾害和农作物产量、粮食贸易与安全等方面分析农业面对气候变化的脆弱性;根据农业面对气候变化的脆弱性提出生产性、技术性和政策性三大适应气候变化的举措;总结国际做法对我国农业适应气候变化发展的启示,以增强我国农业领域应对气候变化的适应能力和促进我国农业的可持续发展。
Climate change has become a vital issue of global development. Agriculture, as an important industry of national economy and people′s livelihood, is closely related to climate change. Agriculture shows obvious vulnerability and dependence on climate change. It is an important way to promote the sustainable development of agriculture to formulate adaptive measures in the field of agriculture to deal with climate change in order to improve the agricultural adaptability. The vulnerability of agriculture to climate change is analyzed from the aspects of agricultural production environment and climate resources, crop planting system and structure layout, agricultural climate disasters and crop yield, food trade and security. According to the vulnerability of agriculture due to climate change, three measures are being put forward to adapt to climate change: productive, technical and policy measures. The enlightenment of international practices on the development of China′s agriculture to adapt to climate change is summarized, so as to the enhancement of the adaptability of China′s agriculture to climate change and the promotion of the sustainable development of China′s agriculture.
UNICEF. The state of food security and nutrition in the world 2018[R/OL]. (2018-09)[2020-11-23]. https://data.unicef.org/resources/sofi-2018.
IPCC. Climate change and land: an IPCC special report on climate change, desertification, land degradation, sustainable land management, food security, and greenhouse gas fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems[R/OL]. [2020-11-23]. https://www.ipcc.ch/srccl.
ZHAO J F, GUO J P. Possible trajectories of agricultural cropping systems in China from 2011 to 2050[J]. American Journal of Climate Change, 2013, 2(2): 191-197.
AMIN M R, ZHANG J, YANG M. Effects of climate change on the yield and cropping area of major food crops: a case of bangladesh[J]. Sustainability, 2015(7): 898-915.
马爱平. 减少粮食产后损失等于建设无形良田[EB/OL]. (2020-08-28)[2020-11-23]. https://tech.gmw.cn/2020-08/28/content_34129024.htm.
SMIT B, SKINNER M W. Adaptation options in agriculture to climate change: a typology[J]. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 2002(7): 85-114.
AJAK B J, KYAZZE F B, MUKWAYA P I. Choice of adaptation strategies to climate variability among smallholder farmers in the maize based cropping system in Namutumba district, Uganda[J]. American Journal of Climate Change, 2018, 7(3): 431-451.
THORNTON P K, LIPPER L. How does climate change alter agricultural strategies to support food security?[J/OL]. SSRN Electronic Journal, 2014, [2020-11-23]. https://www.pim.cgiar.org/files/2013/03/ClimateChangeAndFoodSecurity_PrioritiesForPublicResearch.pdf.
新华社. 中国代表呼吁加强应对气候变化的合作交流[EB/OL]. (2019-01-26)[2020-11-23]. http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2019-01/26/content_5361424.htm.