Bio:
Email: jxnyjcai@163.com
蔡玉金(1969—),男,高级农艺师,莒县农业技术推广站站长,长期从事粮食作物栽培技术研究与推广;jxnyjcai@163.com
为探索水稻高产的施肥模式,解决水稻生产中多次追肥、用工多、肥料利用率低等问题,对控释肥不同用量下的水稻产量和土壤养分状况进行了试验研究。试验结果表明,不同控释肥用量处理的水稻产量均高于对照处理,增产幅度在5.4%~8.1%之间,以K3处理最高;施用控释肥处理能提高分蘖成穗率,同时缩短稻株基部节间长度,利于提高水稻抗倒伏性能;与对照处理相比,不同用量控释肥处理的土壤无机态氮含量分别增加10.89%和3.12%,速效磷含量分别提高4.32%~10.23%(拔节期)和2.52%~6.57%(成熟期),速效钾含量分别提高4.89%~23.56%(拔节期)和3.44%~13.21%(成熟期)。不同控释肥用量处理均对水稻产量、土壤养分含量有正效应,建议在水稻种植上用控释肥替代常规用肥。
In order to explore the fertilization mode for high yield of rice and solve the problems of multiple topdressing, more labor and low ferterlizer utilization rate in rice planting, the rice yieldd soil nutrient status with different amount of controlled-release fertilizer were studied. The results show that the yield of rice treated with different amount of controlled-release fertilizer is 5.4%~8.1% higher than that of control treatment, especially K3 treatment has the highest yield. Using controlled-release fertilizer can increase the percentage of earbearing tiller and improve the lodging resistance of rice with shortening the internode length of rice base. Compared with control treatment, content of inorganic nitrogen in soil treated with different amount of controlled-release fertilizer increased by 10.89% and 3.12% respectively, content of available phosphorous increased by 4.32%~10.23% (jointing stage) and 2.52%~6.57% (mature stage) respectively, and content of available potassium increased by 4.89%~23.56% (jointing stage) and 3.44%~13.21% (mature stage) respectively. All treatments with different amount of controlled-release fertilizer have positive effect on rice yield and soil nutrient content, and it is suggested to replace conventional fertilizers with controlled-release fertilizer on rice planting.
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SHEN A L, LIU C Z, ZHANG F S, et al. Effects of different application rate of urea on the growth of rice and N fertilizer utilization ratio under water leakage and non-leakage conditions [J]. Chinese J of Rice Sci, 1997(4):231-237.