烟草废弃物发酵制取有机肥及其在柑橘生产上的应用效果 - 202306 - 肥料与健康
烟草废弃物发酵制取有机肥及其在柑橘生产上的应用效果
Fermentation of Tobacco Waste to Produce Organic Fertilizer and its Application Effect on Citrus Production
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2096-7047.2023.06.012
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摘要:

为实现烟叶复烤和加工等过程中的废弃物资源化利用,以烟末为原料,辅以酒糟、菌渣、油枯、腐殖酸等材料,考察了不同配方的物料在发酵过程中温度、pH、有机质含量、碳氮比的变化情况,结果表明烟末-菌渣有机肥在发酵制取过程中的各项指标较理想。以烟末-菌渣有机肥为试验肥料,考察了柑橘专用肥(A)、普通有机肥+80%柑橘专用肥(B)、烟末-菌渣有机肥+80%柑橘专用肥(C)处理对柑橘农艺性状、产量、品质指标的影响。结果表明:处理C能显著提升单果质量和可食率,大果占比较处理A、B分别显著提高22.33%、4.45%;处理C的产量较处理A的显著提高4.95%;处理C的柑橘总糖、可溶性固形物含量以及固酸比、糖酸比均显著高于处理A、B的;处理C的柑橘煤污病病情指数和病叶率较处理A、B的均显著降低。施用以烟末和菌渣为原料制取的有机肥,不仅实现了废弃物的资源化利用,而且有助于实现柑橘生产的“药肥双减”。

关键词:
Abstract:

In order to achieve the resource utilization of waste generated during tobacco leaf redrying and processing, tobacco powder is used as raw material, supplemented by materials such as distillers grains, mushroom residue, oil residue and humic acid. The changes in temperature, pH, organic matter content and carbon nitrogen ratio of materials with different formulas during the fermentation process are investigated. The results show that the various indicators of tobacco powder-mushroom residue organic fertilizer in the fermentation process are ideal. Using tobacco powder-mushroom residue organic fertilizer as the experimental fertilizer, the effects of citrus specific fertilizer (A), ordinary organic fertilizer+80% citrus specific fertilizer (B), and tobacco powder-mushroom residue organic fertilizer+80% citrus specific fertilizer (C) treatments on citrus agricultural traits, yield and quality indicators are investigated. The results show that treatment C significantly improves the weight of single fruit and edible rate, with a significant increase of 22.33% and 4.45% in the proportion of large fruits compared to treatment A and B, respectively. The yield of treatment C is significantly increased by 4.95% compared to treatment A. The total sugar, soluble solid content, solid acid ratio and sugar acid ratio of citrus of treatment C are significantly higher than those of treatment A and treatment B. The disease index of citrus sooty blotch and diseased leaf rate in treatment C are significantly lower than those in treatments A and B. The application of organic fertilizer made from tobacco powder and mushroom residue not only achieves the resource utilization of waste, but also helps to achieve the "dual reduction of medicine and fertilizer" in citrus production.

Keyword:
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