Bio:
Email: daxiaowang99@gmail.com
王浩(1999—),男,硕士研究生,主要从事养分高效利用研究;daxiaowang99@gmail.com
为考察相同磷施用水平下有机肥料部分替代化肥对水稻产量、养分利用情况、氮磷肥效率和土壤肥力的影响,开展了田间小区试验。试验共设置6个处理,分别为不施肥(CK)、常规施肥(CF)以及100%、70%、50%、30%商品有机肥替代化肥(M1、M2、M3、M4)处理。结果表明:M4处理的水稻产量最高,较CF处理的提升了8.18%;M4处理的氮磷肥偏生产力、氮磷肥农学效率、氮磷肥利用率均最大,且随着有机肥替代比例的增大,氮磷肥偏生产力、氮磷肥农学效率、氮磷肥利用率逐渐降低;M1~M4处理的水稻地上部氮素积累量无显著性差异,M2、M3处理的水稻地上部磷素积累量比CF处理的分别提高了37.73%、36.30%;水稻收获后,M1~M4处理的土壤pH和有机质含量随有机肥替代比例的增加而增大。有机肥替代化肥的比例为30%~50%时较合适。
In order to investigate the effects of partial substitution of chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer on rice yield, nutrient utilization, nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers efficiency and soil fertility under the same phosphorus application level, a field plot experiment is carried out. A total of 6 treatments are set up in the experiment, including no fertilization (CK), conventional fertilization (CF), and treatments of 100%, 70%, 50%, and 30% commercial organic fertilizer replacing chemical fertilizers (M1, M2, M3, M4). The results show that the yield of rice of treatment M4 is the highest, which is 8.18% higher than that of treatment CF. The partial productivity, agronomic efficiency, and utilization efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers of treatment M4 are the highest, and as the proportion of organic fertilizer substitution increases, the partial productivity, agronomic efficiency, and utilization efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers gradually decrease; there is no significant difference in nitrogen accumulation in the aboveground parts of rice treatments M1 to M4, while the phosphorus accumulation in the aboveground parts of rice treatments M2 and M3 increase by 37.73% and 36.30%, respectively, compared to the CF treatment. After harvest of rice, the soil pH and organic matter content of treatments M1 to M4 increases with the increase of organic fertilizer substitution. The appropriate proportion for organic fertilizer to replace chemical fertilizers is 30% to 50%.
张福锁, 王激清, 张卫峰, 等. 中国主要粮食作物肥料利用率现状与提高途径[J]. 土壤学报, 2008(5): 915-924. doi:10.3321/j.issn:0564-3929.2008.05.018