Bio:
Email: tanyjhj@163.com
黄剑(1982—),男,大学本科,高级农艺师,主要从事土壤肥料方面的技术研究及推广工作;tanyjhj@163.com
为探究施用不同发酵粪肥等养分替代复合肥对泰山板栗炭疽病的抑制效果及果实品质和产量的影响,开展了连续2年的田间小区试验。试验共设复合肥料+过磷酸钙(CK)、蚯蚓粪有机肥+过磷酸钙(C1)、牛粪有机肥+过磷酸钙(C2)、鸡粪有机肥+过磷酸钙(C3)等4个处理,测定了不同处理的板栗炭疽病抑制效果与根系生长情况、板栗果实产量和栗仁品质指标。结果表明:C1处理不仅可以显著提升板栗产量与栗仁品质,还对板栗炭疽病具有明显的抑制作用,与CK处理相比,板栗炭疽病发病率降低4.3%,染病叶片数减少20.19%,根系微生物数量增加68%,单果质量最高可提高9.41%,果实产量最高提高14.19%,栗仁干物质、可溶性固形物、淀粉、可溶性糖、维生素C含量分别提高3.58%、6.06%、7.72%、4.74%、5.17%。施用发酵蚯蚓粪有机肥等养分替代复合肥可以有效抑制板栗炭疽病的发病情况,提高果实产量和栗仁品质。
To investigate the effects of substituting compound fertilizers with different fermented manure fertilizers under equal nutrient condition on anthracnose inhibition, fruit quality, and yield of Taishan Chestnut trees, a two-year continuous field plot experiment is conducted. Four treatments are established: compound fertilizer + calcium superphosphate (CK), vermicompost organic fertilizer + calcium superphosphate (C1), cow manure organic fertilizer + calcium superphosphate (C2), and chicken manure organic fertilizer + calcium superphosphate (C3). Anthracnose suppression effect, root growth, chestnut yield, and chestnut kernel quality indicators are measured. The results show that the C1 treatment not only significantly improved chestnut yield and chestnut kernel quality but also exhibited notable inhibition of anthracnose. Compared with CK, the incidence of anthracnose decreased by 4.3%, the number of infected leaves reduced by 20.19%, root microbial quantity increased by 68%, single-fruit weight improved up to 9.41%, and fruit yield increased up to 14.19%. Additionally, the dry matter, soluble solids, starch, soluble sugar, and vitamin C content in kernels increased by 3.58%, 6.06%, 7.72%, 4.74%, and 5.17%, respectively. Substituting compound fertilizer with fermented vermicompost organic fertilizer under equal nutrient condition effectively suppressed anthracnose incidence, enhanced fruit yield, and improved chestnut kernel quality.
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