电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法和电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定肥料中铊含量的比对研究 - 202505 - 肥料与健康
电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法和电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定肥料中铊含量的比对研究
A Comparative Study on Determination of Thallium Content in Fertilizers by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2096-7047.2025.05.011
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摘要:

针对肥料中剧毒重金属铊的高灵敏度检测需求,选取10种代表性肥料产品,采用电热板消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法进行铊含量的分析,并与国家标准《肥料中总镍、总钴、总硒、总钒、总锑、总铊含量的测定电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法》(GB/T 39356—2020)中的电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-OES)法进行对比。结果表明:ICP-MS法具有更高的灵敏度和更低的检出限(0.2 μg/kg),优于ICP-OES法的(20 μg/kg);两种方法的标准曲线均表现出优异的线性关系,决定系数均大于0.999;ICP-MS法测定肥料中铊含量精密度良好,相对标准偏差均低于10%;ICP-MS法的加标回收率为96.0%~101.8%,相对标准偏差为0.50%~1.15%;通过F检验和t检验,两种方法无显著性差异,不存在系统误差。电热板消解-ICP-MS法测定肥料中重金属铊含量具有检测速率快、灵敏度高、精密度好等优点,适用于肥料中微量铊的快速、准确检测。

关键词:
Abstract:

In response to the need for high-sensitivity detection of the highly toxic heavy metal thallium in fertilizers, ten representative fertilizer products are selected, and the thallium content is analyzed by heatplate digestion-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The results are compared with those obtained by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) according to the national standard "Determination of total nickel, total cobalt, total selenium, total vanadium, total stibium, total thallium in fertilizers—Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy" (GB/T 39356—2020). The results indicate that the ICP-MS method exhibits higher sensitivity and a lower detection limit (0.20 μg/kg) compared with the ICP-OES method (20 μg/kg). Both methods demonstrate excellent linearity in the standard curves, with coefficients of determination greater than 0.999. The precision of the ICP-MS method for determining thallium content in fertilizers is satisfactory, with relative standard deviations below 10%. The spiked recovery rate of the ICP-MS method ranges from 96.0% to 101.8%, with relative standard deviations between 0.50% and 1.15%. Based on F-test and t-test results, no significant differences or systematic errors are observed between the two methods. The heatplate digestion-ICP-MS method offers advantages such as rapid detection, high sensitivity, and good precision, making it suitable for the rapid and accurate determination of trace thallium in fertilizers.

Keyword:
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