Bio:
Email: llstfzh@163.com
刘腾腾(2000—),男,硕士,助理农艺师,主要从事农技推广工作;llstfzh@163.com
为探索适宜山东省乐陵市的畜禽粪污还田技术模式,以小麦为试验对象,开展了不同有机无机肥配施比例的田间小区试验。试验共设置不施肥(CK)、常规施肥(T1)及有机肥氮替代化肥氮25%、50%、75%、100%(T2~T5)等6个处理,考察了不同处理对小麦产量及其构成因素、小麦籽粒对养分(氮、磷、钾)的吸收、土壤肥力指标等的影响。结果表明:T2处理的小麦产量比T1处理的提高2.4%,T3~T5处理的小麦产量均低于T1处理的;小麦籽粒对氮、磷的吸收量随有机肥替代比例的提高呈下降趋势,对钾的吸收呈先升高再降低的变化趋势;土壤中的有机质、全氮含量与有机肥替代比例呈正相关,有效磷含量呈先升高后降低再缓慢升高的变化趋势,速效钾含量呈先升高后降低的变化趋势。在试验条件下,有机肥氮替代25%化肥氮,可以维持小麦产量,提高土壤养分含量。
In order to explore the suitable technology mode for returning livestock and poultry manure to farmland in Laoling City, Shandong Province, a field plot experiment is conducted with wheat to investigate different combined application ratios of organic and inorganic fertilizers. Six treatments are set up: no fertilization (CK), conventional fertilization (T1), and 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% substitution of nitrogen in chemical fertilizer with nitrogen in organic fertilizer (T2-T5). The effects of these treatments on wheat yield and its components, nutrient (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) uptake by wheat grains, and soil fertility indicators are examined. The results show that the wheat yield of T2 treatment increases by 2.4% compared with that of T1 treatment, while the yields of T3-T5 treatment are lower than that of T1 treatment. The uptake of nitrogen and phosphorus by wheat grains decreases with an increasing ratio of organic fertilizer substitution, while the potassium uptake exhibits an initial increase and then a decrease. The contents of soil organic matter and total nitrogen are positively correlated with the ratio of organic fertilizer substitution. Available phosphorus content shows a trend of initially increase, followed by a decrease and then a slow increase, while available potassium content initially increases and then decreases. Under the experimental conditions, replacing 25% of nitrogen in chemical fertilizer with nitrogen in organic fertilizer can maintain wheat yield and improve soil nutrient content.
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