Bio:
Email: huiying.1989@163.com
潘光伟(1989—),男,硕士,农艺师,主要从事农业技术推广工作;huiying.1989@163.com
通过田间小区试验,考察了腐熟粪肥不同替代化肥比例对设施番茄生长及土壤理化性状的影响。试验共设全量施用化肥(CK)以及腐熟粪肥替代5%、10%、15%、20%化肥等5个处理,测定了不同施肥处理的番茄生长指标、产量、品质指标及土壤理化性状。结果表明:随着腐熟粪肥替代化肥比例的增大,土壤中有机质含量呈上升趋势,土壤中碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量呈先上升后下降趋势,土壤容重呈下降趋势,设施番茄的株高、茎粗、单株果数、单果质量呈先上升后下降的趋势;番茄中的维生素C含量呈上升趋势,硝酸盐含量呈下降趋势,可溶性糖含量呈先上升后下降的趋势;腐熟粪肥替代化肥的比例为10%~15%时,番茄产量提高2.68%~3.07%。在试验条件下,腐熟粪肥替代化肥的适宜比例为10%~15%。
A field plot experiment is conducted to investigate the effects of replacing different proportions of chemical fertilizer with composted manure on greenhouse tomato growth and soil physical and chemical properties. The experiment includs five treatments: full chemical fertilizer application (CK), and replacement of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% of chemical fertilizer with composted manure. Tomato growth parameters, yield, quality indices, and soil physical and chemical properties are measured across the different fertilization treatments. The results show that as the substitution ratio of chemical fertilizer with composted manure increased, soil organic matter content demonstrates an increasing trend. In contrast, the contents of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium in the soil initially increase and then decrease. Soil bulk density shows a decreasing trend. Regarding tomato plants, plant height, stem diameter, fruit number per plant, and single fruit weight all increase initially with increasing substitution rate before declining. The vitamin C content in tomatoes increases, while nitrate content decreases. Soluble sugar content first increases and then decreases. Tomato yields increase by 2.68% to 3.07% when the substitution rate of chemical fertilizer with composted manure is 10%-15%. Under the experimental conditions, the optimal substitution ratios of chemical fertilizer with composted manure are determined to be 10%-15%.