Bio:
Email: 1989809455@qq.com
龚锐(2003—),女,大学本科在读,研究方向为甘薯栽培生理;1989809455@qq.com
为探究炭基有机肥对甘薯块根形成和产量的作用机制,明确生物炭与有机肥的最适配比,以渝红心薯3号(Y3)和渝红心薯98(Y98)为研究对象,开展了大田试验。试验共设置单施化肥(CF)、有机肥替代30%化肥氮(OF)、炭基有机肥(生物炭质量分数分别为15%、30%)替代30%化肥氮(BOF15、BOF30)等4种施肥模式,考察了不同施肥处理对甘薯根系形态、品质指标及块根产量及其构成因素的影响。结果表明:炭基有机肥可显著促进根系生长(总根长表现为BOF15>BOF30>CF>OF),提高块根形成期根系中淀粉、可溶性糖和蔗糖的含量,并降低木质素积累;炭基有机肥显著提高了甘薯块根产量,其中BOF15处理的增产效果最显著,Y3和Y98品种的产量分别较CF处理的提高63.88%和25.28%。在试验条件下,炭基有机肥中生物炭质量分数为15%时,对甘薯块根形成和产量的提高较理想。
To investigate the mechanism of biochar-based organic fertilizer on storage root formation and yield of sweet potato, and to determine the optimal blending ratio of biochar to organic fertilizer, a field experiment is conducted using two sweet potato cultivars, Yuhongxinshu 3 (Y3) and Yuhongxinshu 98 (Y98). Four fertilization treatments are established: chemical fertilizer alone (CF), organic fertilizer replacing 30% of chemical fertilizer nitrogen (OF), and biochar-based organic fertilizer (with biochar mass fractions of 15% and 30%, respectively) replacing 30% of chemical fertilizer nitrogen (BOF15, BOF30). The effects of different fertilization treatments on root morphology, quality indices, storage root yield, and its components are investigated. The results show that biochar-based organic fertilizer significantly promotes root growth (total root length followed the order BOF15 > BOF30 > CF > OF), increases the contents of starch, soluble sugars, and sucrose in the roots during the storage root formation period, and reduces lignin accumulation. Biochar-based organic fertilizer significantly increases sweet potato storage root yield, with the BOF15 treatment showing the most pronounced yield-increasing effect. Compared with the CF treatment, the yields of Y3 and Y98 under BOF15 treatment increases by 63.88% and 25.28%, respectively. Under the experimental conditions, a biochar mass fraction of 15% in the biochar-based organic fertilizer is ideal for promoting storage root formation and increasing yield of sweet potato.
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