炭基有机肥对甘薯块根形成及产量的影响 - 202602 - 肥料与健康
炭基有机肥对甘薯块根形成及产量的影响
Effects of Biochar-Based Organic Fertilizer on Storage Root Formation and Yield of Sweet Potato
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2096-7047.2026.02.005
, , , , , , , , ,
摘要:

为探究炭基有机肥对甘薯块根形成和产量的作用机制,明确生物炭与有机肥的最适配比,以渝红心薯3号(Y3)和渝红心薯98(Y98)为研究对象,开展了大田试验。试验共设置单施化肥(CF)、有机肥替代30%化肥氮(OF)、炭基有机肥(生物炭质量分数分别为15%、30%)替代30%化肥氮(BOF15、BOF30)等4种施肥模式,考察了不同施肥处理对甘薯根系形态、品质指标及块根产量及其构成因素的影响。结果表明:炭基有机肥可显著促进根系生长(总根长表现为BOF15>BOF30>CF>OF),提高块根形成期根系中淀粉、可溶性糖和蔗糖的含量,并降低木质素积累;炭基有机肥显著提高了甘薯块根产量,其中BOF15处理的增产效果最显著,Y3和Y98品种的产量分别较CF处理的提高63.88%和25.28%。在试验条件下,炭基有机肥中生物炭质量分数为15%时,对甘薯块根形成和产量的提高较理想。

关键词:
Abstract:

To investigate the mechanism of biochar-based organic fertilizer on storage root formation and yield of sweet potato, and to determine the optimal blending ratio of biochar to organic fertilizer, a field experiment is conducted using two sweet potato cultivars, Yuhongxinshu 3 (Y3) and Yuhongxinshu 98 (Y98). Four fertilization treatments are established: chemical fertilizer alone (CF), organic fertilizer replacing 30% of chemical fertilizer nitrogen (OF), and biochar-based organic fertilizer (with biochar mass fractions of 15% and 30%, respectively) replacing 30% of chemical fertilizer nitrogen (BOF15, BOF30). The effects of different fertilization treatments on root morphology, quality indices, storage root yield, and its components are investigated. The results show that biochar-based organic fertilizer significantly promotes root growth (total root length followed the order BOF15 > BOF30 > CF > OF), increases the contents of starch, soluble sugars, and sucrose in the roots during the storage root formation period, and reduces lignin accumulation. Biochar-based organic fertilizer significantly increases sweet potato storage root yield, with the BOF15 treatment showing the most pronounced yield-increasing effect. Compared with the CF treatment, the yields of Y3 and Y98 under BOF15 treatment increases by 63.88% and 25.28%, respectively. Under the experimental conditions, a biochar mass fraction of 15% in the biochar-based organic fertilizer is ideal for promoting storage root formation and increasing yield of sweet potato.

Keyword:
ckwx 参考文献

1

王欣 李强 曹清河 中国甘薯产业和种业发展现状与未来展望中国农业科学2021543483492

王欣, 李强, 曹清河, 等. 中国甘薯产业和种业发展现状与未来展望[J]. 中国农业科学, 2021, 54(3): 483-492.

2

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. FAOSTAT[DB/OL]. [2025-06-10]. https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#rankings/countries_by_commodity.

3

李敏 刘亚军 王文静 无机肥与有机肥配施对甘薯生理特性及产量构成因素的影响江苏农业科学202351169198

李敏, 刘亚军, 王文静, 等. 无机肥与有机肥配施对甘薯生理特性及产量构成因素的影响[J]. 江苏农业科学, 2023, 51(16): 91-98.

4

魏猛 张爱君 诸葛玉平 长期不同施肥对黄潮土区冬小麦产量及土壤养分的影响植物营养与肥料学报2017232304312

魏猛, 张爱君, 诸葛玉平, 等. 长期不同施肥对黄潮土区冬小麦产量及土壤养分的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2017, 23(2): 304-312.

5

王文丽 靳海波 李娟 生物有机肥料对连作马铃薯根际营养及生长发育的影响中国土壤与肥料20186187191

王文丽, 靳海波, 李娟, 等. 生物有机肥料对连作马铃薯根际营养及生长发育的影响[J]. 中国土壤与肥料, 2018(6): 187-191.

6

邓仁菊 尹旺 罗密 不同有机肥对甘薯产量、品质及土壤肥力的影响热带作物学报2024452351361

邓仁菊, 尹旺, 罗密, 等. 不同有机肥对甘薯产量、品质及土壤肥力的影响[J]. 热带作物学报, 2024, 45(2): 351-361.

7

HOSSAINM Z BAHARM M SARKARB Biochar and its importance on nutrient dynamics in soil and plantBiochar20202379420

HOSSAIN M Z, BAHAR M M, SARKAR B, et al. Biochar and its importance on nutrient dynamics in soil and plant[J]. Biochar, 2020, 2: 379-420.

8

程双煜 张博琳 康琦瑾 生物炭施用对农田土壤改良的研究综述与展望农业与技术20254518100105

程双煜, 张博琳, 康琦瑾, 等. 生物炭施用对农田土壤改良的研究综述与展望[J]. 农业与技术, 2025, 45(18): 100-105.

9

QIANS X ZHOUX R FUY K Biochar-compost as a new option for soil improvement: application in various problem soilsScience of the Total Environment2023870162024

QIAN S X, ZHOU X R, FU Y K, et al. Biochar-compost as a new option for soil improvement: application in various problem soils[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2023, 870: 162024.

10

任少勇 王姣 黄美华 炭基肥对马铃薯品质和产量的影响中国农学通报2014306233237

任少勇, 王姣, 黄美华, 等. 炭基肥对马铃薯品质和产量的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2014, 30(6): 233-237.

11

刘超 魏永霞 秸秆生物炭对寒地黑土区玉米生长发育及耗水规律的影响中国农村水利水电2015458

刘超, 魏永霞. 秸秆生物炭对寒地黑土区玉米生长发育及耗水规律的影响[J]. 中国农村水利水电, 2015(4): 5-8.

12

施立善 朱蕴晨 尚赏 不同用量生物炭对甘薯农艺性状及产量的影响安徽农学通报20212717112115

施立善, 朱蕴晨, 尚赏, 等. 不同用量生物炭对甘薯农艺性状及产量的影响[J]. 安徽农学通报, 2021, 27(17): 112-115.

13

张志良 李小方 植物生理学实验指导5版北京高等教育出版社2016

张志良, 李小方. 植物生理学实验指导[M]. 5版. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2016.

14

徐倩 段文学 张海燕 施氮量对鲜食型甘薯根系生长与干物质积累分配的影响山东农业科学20185088690

徐倩, 段文学, 张海燕, 等. 施氮量对鲜食型甘薯根系生长与干物质积累分配的影响[J]. 山东农业科学, 2018, 50(8): 86-90.

15

MATISICM DUGANI BOGUNOVICI Challenges in sustainable agriculture—the role of organic amendmentsAgriculture2024144643

10.3390/agriculture14040643

MATISIC M, DUGAN I, BOGUNOVIC I. Challenges in sustainable agriculture—the role of organic amendments[J]. Agriculture, 2024, 14(4): 643. doi:10.3390/agriculture14040643

16

刘柏延 陈姗姗 苏丽影 生物炭对甘薯生长和产量性状的影响东北农业科学2023485117121

刘柏延, 陈姗姗, 苏丽影, 等. 生物炭对甘薯生长和产量性状的影响[J]. 东北农业科学, 2023, 48(5): 117-121.

17

RAVIV CHAKRABARTIS K MAKESHKUMART Molecular regulation of storage root formation and development in sweet potatoHorticultural Reviews201442157208

RAVI V, CHAKRABARTI S K, MAKESHKUMAR T, et al. Molecular regulation of storage root formation and development in sweet potato[J]. Horticultural Reviews, 2014, 42: 157-208.

18

GUOM SONGW TIANJ Biochar-facilitated soil remediation: mechanisms and efficacy variationsFrontiers in Environmental Science20208521512

10.3389/fenvs.2020.521512

GUO M, SONG W, TIAN J. Biochar-facilitated soil remediation: mechanisms and efficacy variations[J]. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 2020, 8: 521512. doi:10.3389/fenvs.2020.521512

当前期刊数据统计
摘要浏览量: 0
PDF下载量: 0
被引用次数: 0
扫一扫关注
肥料与健康
微信公众号