Bio:
Email: 464986878@qq.com
李玉明(1986—),男,大学本科,助理农艺师,研究方向为土壤酸化治理;464986878@qq.com
为评估不同有机肥处理对酸化水稻土的改良效果及其对水稻产量的影响,在典型酸化稻田开展了田间小区试验。试验共设置不施肥(CK)、单施化肥(CF)、化肥+商品有机肥(CF+COF)、化肥+生物有机肥(CF+BOF)及化肥+秸秆还田(CF+SR)等5个处理,考察了不同处理对土壤pH和交换性铝含量、土壤肥力、水稻产量及其构成因素的影响。结果表明:相较于CF处理,所有有机肥与化肥配施处理均使土壤pH得到明显提升,其中CF+BOF处理的提升效果最为显著,pH提高0.42;施用有机肥后,土壤中交换性铝含量明显下降,土壤中阳离子交换量、有机质和速效养分含量均有不同程度的改善;施用有机肥处理的水稻产量显著提高,其中CF+BOF处理的表现最为突出,较CF处理显著增产14.6%。生物有机肥在改善土壤化学性状、缓解铝毒危害、增强土壤肥力及提高水稻产量等方面具有显著优势,是治理水稻土酸化的有效手段。
To evaluate the improvement effects of different organic fertilizer treatments on acidified paddy soil and their impact on rice yield, a field plot experiment is conducted in a typical acidified paddy field. Five treatments are established: no fertilizer (CK), chemical fertilizer alone (CF), chemical fertilizer + commercial organic fertilizer (CF+COF), chemical fertilizer + bio-organic fertilizer (CF+BOF), and chemical fertilizer + straw return (CF+SR). The effects of different treatments on soil pH and exchangeable aluminum content, soil fertility, rice yield and its components are investigated. The results show that compared with the CF treatment, all organic and chemical fertilizer combined application treatments significantly increase soil pH. The CF+BOF treatment exhibits the most prominent improvement, increasing soil pH by 0.42. Following organic fertilizer application, soil exchangeable aluminum content decreases significantly, while soil cation exchange capacity, organic matter, and available nutrient contents are improved to varying degrees. Rice yield is significantly increases in treatments receiving organic fertilizers, with the CF+BOF treatment showing the most outstanding performance, achieving a significant yield increase of 14.6% compared to the CF treatment. Bio-organic fertilizer demonstrates significant advantages in improving soil chemical properties, alleviating aluminum toxicity, enhancing soil fertility, and increasing rice yield. It is an effective measure for the amelioration of acidified paddy soils.