Bio:
Email: zhaoyingjie0228@163.com
赵英杰(1989—),女,博士,高级农艺师,从事肥料质量监测及肥料标准制修订工作;zhaoyingjie0228@163.com
我国大量元素水溶肥料产业发展快速,随着该肥料的广泛应用,产品质量问题时有发生,影响行业健康发展和农产品的质量安全。基于2018—2020年、2022年及2024年全国大量元素水溶肥料质量监督抽查数据,进行了产品质量状况分析。结果表明:5年共抽取样品537个,总体合格率为78.4%,生产端的合格率(84.5%)高于市场流通端的(75.3%);在不合格样品中,养分含量不达标的样品数占总不合格样品数的84.5%,其中大、中、微量元素含量不合格的样品数分别占全部养分不合格样品数的33.7%、4.1%、81.6%;非养分指标不合格的样品数占总不合格样品数的29.3%,其中砷、水分含量及pH不合格样品数分别占非养分指标不合格样品数的91.2%、5.9%和2.9%。建议从升级生产工艺、强化质量监管和完善标准体系等三方面协同发力,提升大量元素水溶肥料的质量,从而促进行业健康发展,切实保证用肥安全。
The water-soluble macronutrient fertilizer industry in China is developing rapidly. With the widespread application of such fertilizers, product quality issues occasionally arise, affecting the healthy development of the industry and the quality and safety of agricultural products. Based on national quality supervision and random inspection data for water-soluble macronutrient fertilizers from 2018 to 2020, 2022, and 2024, the product quality status is analyzed. The results show that a total of 537 samples were collected over the five-year period, with an overall qualification rate of 78.4%. The qualification rate at the production end (84.5%) is higher than that at the market circulation end (75.3%). Among the unqualified samples, samples with nutrient content failing to meet standards account for 84.5% of the total unqualified samples. Among these, samples with unqualified content of macro, medium and trace elements account for 33.7%, 4.1%, and 81.6% of all nutrient-unqualified samples, respectively. Samples with unqualified non-nutrient indicators account for 29.3% of the total unqualified samples, among which samples with unqualified arsenic content, moisture content, and pH account for 91.2%, 5.9%, and 2.9% of the non-nutrient indicators unqualified samples, respectively. It is recommended to enhance the quality of water-soluble macronutrient fertilizers by coordinating efforts in three aspects: upgrading production processes, strengthening quality supervision, and improving the standard system, thereby promoting the healthy development of the industry and ensuring fertilizer use safety.
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农业农村部. 农业农村部办公厅关于2024年全国肥料质量监督抽查情况的通报[EB/OL]. (2024-12-18)[2025-09-09]. https://www.moa.gov.cn/nybgb/2024/202412/202412/t20241218_6468117.htm.