秸秆还田下水分管理措施对稻田土壤中磷素有效性的影响 - 202502 - 肥料与健康
秸秆还田下水分管理措施对稻田土壤中磷素有效性的影响
Effects of Water Management Practices on Phosphorus Availability in Paddy Soils Under Straw Incorporation
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2096-7047.2025.02.002
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摘要:

为探究不同水分管理措施下秸秆还田对稻田土壤中磷素有效性的影响,明确土壤中有效磷的形态转化与土壤中可溶性有机碳含量、Fe3+/Fe2+比率之间的相关性,开展了室内模拟培养试验。试验共设淹水(W1)、干旱(W2)、干湿交替(W3)、淹水+秸秆(W1+S)、干旱+秸秆(W2+S)、干湿交替+秸秆(W3+S)等6个处理,分析了秸秆在不同腐解时间下土壤中各有效磷素的形态、含量、比例的变化。结果表明:秸秆还田可显著提高土壤中有效磷含量,W1+S处理的土壤中有效磷含量最高,W2和W3处理的较低;淹水可充分释放添加秸秆后土壤中可溶性有机碳,W1+S处理的土壤中可溶性有机碳含量最高,W2处理的最低,且土壤中可溶性有机碳含量与土壤中有效磷含量呈极显著正相关;淹水并添加秸秆,可使土壤中Fe-P中的Fe3+还原成Fe2+并释放H+,与W1处理相比,土壤pH下降0.48,有助于土壤中Ca10-P向Ca2-P和Ca8-P转化,Ca2-P和Ca8-P占比显著提高,而Fe-P占比显著降低。淹水条件下实施秸秆还田,有助于提高稻田土壤中磷素的有效性。

关键词:
Abstract:

To investigate the effects of straw incorporation combined with different water management practices on phosphorus availability in paddy soils, and to elucidate the correlations between transformation of soil available phosphorus forms and soluble organic carbon content and Fe3+/Fe2+ ratio in soil, an indoor simulated cultivation experiment is conducted. Six treatments are designed: flooding (W1), drought (W2), alternate wetting and drying (W3), flooding+straw incorporation (W1+S), drought+straw incorporation (W2+S), and alternate wetting and drying+straw incorporation (W3+S). Changes in soil available phosphorus forms, content, and fractions are analyzed during different stages of straw decomposition. The results show that straw incorporation significantly increases soil available phosphorus content, with W1+S showing the highest levels, while W2 and W3 exhibited lower values. Flooding can fully release soluble organic carbon in soil after adding straw, with W1+S achieving the highest soluble organic carbon content and W2 the lowest. A highly significant positive correlation is observed between soluble organic carbon content and available phosphorus content. Under flooding with straw incorporation, the Fe3+ from Fe-P in soil is reduced to Fe2+, accompanied by H+ release, leading to a 0.48 pH decrease compared to W1, and promotes the transformation of Ca10-P into more Ca2-P and Ca8-P in soil, significantly increasing their proportions while reducing Fe-P. Straw incorporation under flooding conditions effectively enhances phosphorus availability in paddy soils.

Keyword:
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